Chickens come in a wide variety of breeds, each with its own distinct appearance, personality, and purpose. Whether you’re raising chickens for eggs, meat, ornamental beauty, or as friendly backyard companions, choosing the right breed can make all the difference. In this guide, you’ll explore 35 popular chicken breeds—ranging from ancient landraces to modern dual-purpose birds—complete with details on their identification, behavior, climate tolerance, and utility. From the reliable Rhode Island Red to the exotic Sumatra and graceful Yokohama, each breed offers something unique to poultry keepers of all experience levels.
1. Rhode Island Red Chicken
The Rhode Island Red chicken is one of the most iconic and dependable dual-purpose breeds, originally developed in the United States in the mid-1800s. It was bred for both egg-laying and meat production, making it an ideal choice for small farms and backyard poultry keepers. Known for its resilience, productivity, and low-maintenance nature, this breed continues to be a favorite among beginners and seasoned chicken enthusiasts alike.
Identification
- Feather Color: Deep mahogany to rich dark red
- Comb Type: Primarily single comb; rose comb variant also exists
- Body Shape: Rectangular and robust with a long, broad back
- Weight:
- Rooster: 8.5–9 lbs
- Hen: 6.5–7 lbs
- Rooster: 8.5–9 lbs
- Eye Color: Reddish bay
- Wattles & Earlobes: Red
- Beak Color: Reddish-brown or horn
- Legs: Clean, yellow legs with four toes
- Skin Color: Yellow
- Egg Color: Light to medium brown
- Egg Production: 250 to 300 large eggs per year
- Lifespan: 5 to 8 years on average
Temperament and Behavior
Rhode Island Reds are confident and active birds. Hens are generally docile and social, though roosters can occasionally display territorial or assertive behavior. They enjoy foraging and do well in free-range systems but are also content in coop environments.
Habitat and Climate Tolerance
This breed is highly adaptable to various conditions. It performs well in both hot and cold climates due to its dense plumage and strong constitution. Whether you raise them in backyard coops or open pastures, they remain healthy and productive with minimal care.
Utility and Productivity
As a dual-purpose bird, the Rhode Island Red offers excellent value. It consistently lays large brown eggs throughout the year and provides a good meat yield due to its sturdy body. Their consistent productivity even during winter months adds to their appeal among homesteaders and egg sellers.
2. Leghorn Chicken
The Leghorn chicken is an energetic and prolific egg layer originating from Italy. It gained popularity in the United States in the 1800s and has become a staple in commercial egg production. Leghorns are known for their sleek bodies, active personalities, and remarkable laying capacity, especially of white eggs.
Identification
- Feather Color: Most commonly white, but also found in brown, black, and buff
- Comb Type: Large single comb (some have rose comb)
- Body Shape: Slender and upright
- Weight:
- Rooster: 6–7.5 lbs
- Hen: 4.5–5 lbs
- Rooster: 6–7.5 lbs
- Eye Color: Reddish-bay
- Wattles & Earlobes: Large, white earlobes (distinct feature)
- Beak Color: Yellow
- Legs: Yellow legs, no feathering
- Skin Color: Yellow
- Egg Color: Bright white
- Egg Production: 280 to 320 eggs per year
- Lifespan: 4 to 6 years
Temperament and Behavior
Leghorns are alert, active, and flighty birds. They are not typically cuddly or docile but are excellent foragers and love to roam. Their quick reflexes and energy make them less prone to predator attacks in open areas.
Habitat and Climate Tolerance
They are highly heat-tolerant and perform best in warmer climates. However, their large combs are prone to frostbite in colder regions, so proper shelter is necessary during winter.
Utility and Productivity
Primarily an egg-laying breed, Leghorns are prized in commercial settings for their efficiency and minimal feed consumption. They are not typically raised for meat due to their lean bodies.
3. Plymouth Rock Chicken
Plymouth Rock chickens, particularly the Barred variety, are among the most recognizable and well-loved American heritage breeds. First introduced in the 19th century, they are known for their calm demeanor, good egg production, and suitability as a dual-purpose breed.
Identification
- Feather Color: Barred black and white is most common; also found in buff, white, blue, and partridge
- Comb Type: Single comb
- Body Shape: Broad, deep body with a full breast
- Weight:
- Rooster: 8.5–9.5 lbs
- Hen: 7–7.5 lbs
- Rooster: 8.5–9.5 lbs
- Eye Color: Bay
- Wattles & Earlobes: Red
- Beak Color: Yellow
- Legs: Yellow and clean
- Skin Color: Yellow
- Egg Color: Brown
- Egg Production: 200 to 280 eggs per year
- Lifespan: 6 to 8 years
Temperament and Behavior
This breed is friendly, calm, and easy to handle, making it perfect for families and beginners. They get along well with other chickens and adapt easily to confinement or free-range settings.
Habitat and Climate Tolerance
Plymouth Rocks are hardy birds that tolerate both heat and cold well. Their dense feathering provides good insulation, and they perform reliably in various environmental conditions.
Utility and Productivity
They serve as excellent dual-purpose birds—consistent egg producers with a respectable meat yield. Their dependable nature and ease of care have made them a favorite for generations.
4. Sussex Chicken
The Sussex chicken is a British heritage breed developed in the 1800s. It’s known for its calm temperament, attractive plumage, and excellent dual-purpose capabilities. Available in several color varieties, the Sussex is favored for backyard flocks and small farms alike.
Identification
- Feather Color: White with black neck and tail (Light Sussex), also Red, Speckled, and Buff varieties
- Comb Type: Single comb
- Body Shape: Broad and deep with a rectangular profile
- Weight:
- Rooster: 8–9 lbs
- Hen: 6–7 lbs
- Eye Color: Red to orange
- Wattles & Earlobes: Red
- Beak Color: Horn or pinkish
- Legs: White or pink, unfeathered
- Skin Color: White
- Egg Color: Cream to light brown
- Egg Production: 220 to 260 eggs per year
- Lifespan: 6 to 8 years
Temperament and Behavior
Sussex chickens are friendly, inquisitive, and easy to handle. They’re great with children and mix well with other breeds. Their docile nature makes them ideal for confined or free-range setups.
Habitat and Climate Tolerance
This breed thrives in temperate climates and is cold hardy due to its full feathering. With adequate shelter, they can also handle warmer temperatures well.
Utility and Productivity
Sussex chickens are reliable layers and grow quickly, making them excellent for both egg and meat production. Their foraging ability also helps reduce feed costs.
5. Orpington Chicken
Orpington chickens are large, fluffy birds developed in England in the late 1800s. Known for their docile personalities and striking appearance, they are a favorite among backyard chicken keepers and show poultry enthusiasts.
Identification
- Feather Color: Most common is Buff; also Black, Blue, White, and Lavender
- Comb Type: Single comb
- Body Shape: Broad, deep body with full feathering
- Weight:
- Rooster: 10 lbs
- Hen: 8 lbs
- Eye Color: Reddish-bay
- Wattles & Earlobes: Red
- Beak Color: Horn or pinkish
- Legs: Clean, pinkish-white legs
- Skin Color: White
- Egg Color: Light brown
- Egg Production: 175 to 250 eggs per year
- Lifespan: 7 to 10 years
Temperament and Behavior
Orpingtons are exceptionally gentle and affectionate birds. They’re known to follow their owners and enjoy being handled. Their calm demeanor makes them great for families and small children.
Habitat and Climate Tolerance
With dense feathering, Orpingtons tolerate cold weather very well. They do require shade and cool water during hot summers to prevent overheating.
Utility and Productivity
Though not the highest egg layers, their consistent performance and excellent meat quality make them valuable. They are also popular in poultry exhibitions due to their size and beauty.
6. Australorp Chicken
The Australorp is an Australian breed developed from the Orpington. It gained international fame for its exceptional egg-laying performance and remains one of the best backyard layers. Its glossy black feathers and calm personality make it a popular choice for hobbyists.
Identification
- Feather Color: Black with a greenish sheen; also found in blue and white
- Comb Type: Single comb
- Body Shape: Broad, deep body with full feathering
- Weight:
- Rooster: 8.5–10 lbs
- Hen: 6.5–8 lbs
- Eye Color: Black or dark brown
- Wattles & Earlobes: Red
- Beak Color: Dark horn or black
- Legs: Black or slate-blue, clean
- Skin Color: White
- Egg Color: Light brown
- Egg Production: 250 to 300+ eggs per year
- Lifespan: 6 to 10 years
Temperament and Behavior
Australorps are gentle, quiet, and easy to manage. They thrive in both confined and free-range environments and are excellent around children.
Habitat and Climate Tolerance
Well-suited for cool and moderate climates, they handle heat fairly well with proper ventilation. Their heavy build and feathers help them endure cold seasons.
Utility and Productivity
Primarily valued for their egg-laying ability, Australorps are also decent meat birds. They require moderate feeding and produce consistently even in winter.
7. Silkie Chicken
Silkie chickens are an ornamental breed known for their fluffy plumage that feels like silk. Originating from Asia, they are prized for their unique look, friendly nature, and usefulness as broody hens.
Identification
- Feather Color: White, black, buff, blue, gray, and partridge
- Comb Type: Walnut comb
- Body Shape: Compact and rounded
- Weight:
- Rooster: 2–3 lbs
- Hen: 1.5–2 lbs
- Eye Color: Black
- Wattles & Earlobes: Blue earlobes
- Beak Color: Dark gray to black
- Legs: Feathered, five toes per foot
- Skin Color: Black
- Egg Color: Cream or tinted
- Egg Production: 100 to 120 eggs per year
- Lifespan: 7 to 9 years
Temperament and Behavior
Silkies are extremely docile and affectionate. They are often used as pet chickens due to their calm nature and are known for being excellent mothers.
Habitat and Climate Tolerance
Better suited to warmer, dry climates as their fluffy feathers aren’t waterproof. They require protection from rain and mud to maintain health.
Utility and Productivity
While not ideal for high egg production or meat, Silkies shine as ornamental birds and broody hens. Their unique appearance also makes them popular in poultry shows.
8. Brahma Chicken
The Brahma chicken is a large and impressive breed originally developed in the United States from birds imported from China and India. Known as the “King of Chickens,” it is appreciated for its calm demeanor and cold-hardy build.
Identification
- Feather Color: Light, Dark, and Buff varieties
- Comb Type: Pea comb
- Body Shape: Massive and upright with full, feathered legs
- Weight:
- Rooster: 10–12 lbs
- Hen: 8–10 lbs
- Eye Color: Orange
- Wattles & Earlobes: Red
- Beak Color: Yellow
- Legs: Yellow and heavily feathered
- Skin Color: Yellow
- Egg Color: Brown
- Egg Production: 150 to 200 eggs per year
- Lifespan: 5 to 8 years
Temperament and Behavior
Brahmas are gentle giants. They are calm, easygoing, and rarely aggressive. Their docility makes them ideal for families and mixed flocks.
Habitat and Climate Tolerance
Exceptionally cold-hardy thanks to their dense feathering. They can tolerate confinement but prefer dry ground due to their feathered feet.
Utility and Productivity
Although not prolific egg layers, their large size makes them good meat birds. Their beauty and calm nature also make them show-quality birds.
9. Cochin Chicken
Cochins are large, fluffy chickens that originated in China and were brought to the West in the 1800s. They are known for their striking appearance, docile nature, and broodiness.
Identification
- Feather Color: Buff, Black, White, Blue, Partridge, and more
- Comb Type: Single comb
- Body Shape: Round and full with abundant plumage
- Weight:
- Rooster: 10–11 lbs
- Hen: 8–9 lbs
- Eye Color: Red to orange
- Wattles & Earlobes: Red
- Beak Color: Yellow
- Legs: Yellow and heavily feathered
- Skin Color: Yellow
- Egg Color: Brown
- Egg Production: 150 to 180 eggs per year
- Lifespan: 8 to 10 years
Temperament and Behavior
Cochins are extremely gentle and often become lap chickens. They move slowly and are great for children and urban environments.
Habitat and Climate Tolerance
Very cold-tolerant due to their feathering, but not suited to wet or muddy areas. Their feathered feet require clean, dry bedding.
Utility and Productivity
Primarily kept for ornamental purposes and broodiness. They’re moderate layers but excellent mothers, often used to hatch other hens’ eggs.
10. Wyandotte Chicken
The Wyandotte is a hardy, attractive, and dual-purpose breed developed in the United States in the late 19th century. Its laced feather patterns and consistent egg-laying make it popular for both backyard flocks and exhibition.
Identification
- Feather Color: Silver Laced, Golden Laced, Blue, Columbian, Buff, and more
- Comb Type: Rose comb
- Body Shape: Broad and rounded with a deep breast
- Weight:
- Rooster: 8–9 lbs
- Hen: 6–7 lbs
- Eye Color: Bay
- Wattles & Earlobes: Red
- Beak Color: Yellow
- Legs: Yellow and clean
- Skin Color: Yellow
- Egg Color: Brown
- Egg Production: 200 to 240 eggs per year
- Lifespan: 6 to 12 years
Temperament and Behavior
Wyandottes are calm and independent. While not overly affectionate, they are steady and non-aggressive, making them good in mixed flocks.
Habitat and Climate Tolerance
Tolerant of both hot and cold climates. The rose comb resists frostbite, and they do well in free-range and confinement settings.
Utility and Productivity
Wyandottes are valued for consistent egg-laying and solid meat production. Their beautiful plumage also makes them a top choice for poultry shows.
11. Ameraucana Chicken
The Ameraucana is a U.S. breed known for its unique appearance and blue eggs. It was developed in the 1970s from Araucanas to maintain the blue egg trait without lethal genes.
Identification
- Feather Color: Black, Blue, Buff, Wheaten, White, and others
- Comb Type: Pea comb
- Body Shape: Compact with muffs and a beard
- Weight:
- Rooster: 6.5–7.5 lbs
- Hen: 5.5–6.5 lbs
- Eye Color: Reddish-bay
- Wattles & Earlobes: Red, with small wattles
- Beak Color: Horn to dark
- Legs: Slate or black, clean
- Skin Color: White
- Egg Color: Blue
- Egg Production: 180 to 220 eggs per year
- Lifespan: 7 to 10 years
Temperament and Behavior
Ameraucanas are curious, alert, and generally friendly. They can be shy but are not aggressive, and they adapt well to various flock settings.
Habitat and Climate Tolerance
Adaptable to most climates. Their small comb and beard help prevent frostbite in cold areas.
Utility and Productivity
Primarily valued for their blue eggs. While not prolific layers, their egg color and appearance make them a novelty breed in backyard flocks.
12. Easter Egger Chicken
Easter Eggers are not a standardized breed but a hybrid that lays colorful eggs. They are widely popular in backyard flocks for their sweet nature and the surprise of blue, green, or even pink-tinted eggs.
Identification
- Feather Color: Varies widely; no standard coloration
- Comb Type: Usually pea comb
- Body Shape: Medium, variable build
- Weight:
- Rooster: 5–7 lbs
- Hen: 4–6.5 lbs
- Eye Color: Reddish-bay
- Wattles & Earlobes: Red
- Beak Color: Varies; often horn-colored
- Legs: Greenish, blue, or slate; clean
- Skin Color: White
- Egg Color: Blue, green, olive, pinkish
- Egg Production: 200 to 280 eggs per year
- Lifespan: 5 to 8 years
Temperament and Behavior
Friendly, calm, and excellent for children. Their mixed genetics make behavior slightly variable but generally positive.
Habitat and Climate Tolerance
Adapt well to all climates. Hardy and low-maintenance in both backyard and farm settings.
Utility and Productivity
Best known for their colorful egg production. While not consistent in egg color from bird to bird, they provide a charming and unique variety.
13. Marans Chicken
Marans are a French breed famed for their dark chocolate-brown eggs. They are elegant, sturdy birds that also serve as dual-purpose chickens in many small farms and hobby flocks.
Identification
- Feather Color: Black Copper is most popular; also Cuckoo, Wheaten, Blue
- Comb Type: Single comb
- Body Shape: Upright and broad
- Weight:
- Rooster: 7–9 lbs
- Hen: 5.5–7 lbs
- Eye Color: Orange-red
- Wattles & Earlobes: Red
- Beak Color: Horn to black
- Legs: Feathered or clean, depending on line; slate or pinkish-gray
- Skin Color: White
- Egg Color: Very dark brown (almost red-brown)
- Egg Production: 150 to 200 eggs per year
- Lifespan: 6 to 8 years
Temperament and Behavior
Generally calm and quiet. They’re good-natured and easy to manage in both mixed flocks and family settings.
Habitat and Climate Tolerance
Well-suited for colder climates; tolerate wet and cool weather with ease. Feathered leg varieties may need drier ground.
Utility and Productivity
Sought after for their uniquely dark eggs. They also offer good meat quality and aesthetic appeal in heritage flocks.
14. Barnevelder Chicken
Barnevelder chickens hail from the Netherlands and are admired for their eye-catching double-laced feather pattern and consistent brown egg production. They are a favorite for both show and home flocks.
Identification
- Feather Color: Most common is double-laced gold; also blue-laced and black
- Comb Type: Single comb
- Body Shape: Broad and deep with a low stance
- Weight:
- Rooster: 7–8.5 lbs
- Hen: 5.5–6.5 lbs
- Eye Color: Reddish-bay
- Wattles & Earlobes: Red
- Beak Color: Yellow or horn
- Legs: Yellow, clean
- Skin Color: Yellow
- Egg Color: Dark brown
- Egg Production: 180 to 200 eggs per year
- Lifespan: 6 to 8 years
Temperament and Behavior
Barnevelders are calm, quiet, and easy to handle. They’re social with people and do well in family-friendly environments.
Habitat and Climate Tolerance
Tolerate confinement well and adapt to most climates. They are cold-hardy and do best in clean, dry areas.
Utility and Productivity
Popular for their rich, dark eggs and beautiful appearance. They offer moderate meat production and excellent temperament.
15. Jersey Giant Chicken
Developed in the United States as a meat breed, the Jersey Giant is the largest purebred chicken. Despite their size, they are gentle, calm birds that do well in spacious flocks.
Identification
- Feather Color: Black, White, and Blue
- Comb Type: Single comb
- Body Shape: Large, broad, and deep
- Weight:
- Rooster: 11–13 lbs
- Hen: 8.5–10 lbs
- Eye Color: Dark brown
- Wattles & Earlobes: Red
- Beak Color: Black or horn
- Legs: Black or slate, clean
- Skin Color: Yellow
- Egg Color: Light brown
- Egg Production: 180 to 220 eggs per year
- Lifespan: 6 to 10 years
Temperament and Behavior
Jersey Giants are known for their quiet and friendly personality. They’re non-aggressive and get along well with smaller breeds.
Habitat and Climate Tolerance
Do best in cooler climates due to their size. They require larger space to move comfortably and are slower to mature than most breeds.
Utility and Productivity
Bred for meat with solid egg-laying ability. Their size makes them ideal for table birds, and they’re appreciated for their calm nature.
16. Hamburg Chicken
Hamburg chickens are a stylish and active breed originating in Holland and Germany. Their striking appearance and excellent foraging skills make them a lively addition to any flock.
Identification
- Feather Color: Spangled (silver or golden), penciled, and solid varieties
- Comb Type: Rose comb
- Body Shape: Compact and alert
- Weight:
- Rooster: 5–6 lbs
- Hen: 4–5 lbs
- Eye Color: Reddish-bay
- Wattles & Earlobes: Red wattles, white earlobes
- Beak Color: Horn
- Legs: Slender, blue or slate, clean
- Skin Color: White
- Egg Color: White
- Egg Production: 200 to 250 small eggs per year
- Lifespan: 6 to 8 years
Temperament and Behavior
Hamburgs are flighty, alert, and energetic. They are better suited for experienced keepers or large spaces where they can roam freely.
Habitat and Climate Tolerance
Well-suited for warm climates and free-range conditions. They are hardy but don’t tolerate confinement well.
Utility and Productivity
Primarily kept for their beauty and egg-laying. They’re valued for both show and consistent production of small white eggs.
17. Andalusian Chicken
The Andalusian chicken is a Mediterranean breed from Spain, best known for its slate-blue feathering and heat tolerance. It is an active layer and efficient forager.
Identification
- Feather Color: Blue is most common; splash and black varieties also appear
- Comb Type: Single comb
- Body Shape: Sleek and upright
- Weight:
- Rooster: 6.5–7.5 lbs
- Hen: 5.5–6 lbs
- Eye Color: Reddish-bay
- Wattles & Earlobes: Red wattles, white earlobes
- Beak Color: Horn or bluish
- Legs: Slender, slate-blue
- Skin Color: White
- Egg Color: White
- Egg Production: 150 to 200 eggs per year
- Lifespan: 5 to 7 years
Temperament and Behavior
Active, alert, and often flighty. Andalusians are independent and prefer to roam, making them ideal for free-range environments.
Habitat and Climate Tolerance
Excellent in hot climates and dry regions. Their Mediterranean roots make them less tolerant of cold, wet environments.
Utility and Productivity
Best known for white egg production and their beautiful blue plumage. Not ideal for meat but valued in ornamental and productive settings.
18. Ancona Chicken
The Ancona chicken is a hardy, active Mediterranean breed originating from Italy. It is known for its mottled black-and-white plumage and reliable white egg production. Anconas are energetic and thrive in free-range environments.
Identification
- Feather Color: Black with white mottling
- Comb Type: Single or rose comb
- Body Shape: Sleek and angular with upright posture
- Weight:
- Rooster: 5.5–6.5 lbs
- Hen: 4.5–5.5 lbs
- Eye Color: Reddish-bay
- Wattles & Earlobes: Red wattles and white earlobes
- Beak Color: Yellow with dark shading
- Legs: Yellow with black mottling, clean
- Skin Color: Yellow
- Egg Color: White
- Egg Production: 200 to 250 eggs per year
- Lifespan: 6 to 8 years
Temperament and Behavior
Anconas are lively, flighty, and independent. They are not cuddly but are excellent foragers and good at avoiding predators. Their active nature makes them suited for open environments.
Habitat and Climate Tolerance
Highly heat-tolerant and adaptable to warm, dry climates. While they can handle cold with protection, they prefer drier conditions and benefit from room to roam.
Utility and Productivity
Primarily valued for their steady supply of white eggs and attractive appearance. Their high activity level also helps reduce feed costs in free-range setups.
19. Campine Chicken
The Campine is a small but active breed from Belgium. It is admired for its metallic-colored plumage and consistent laying of white eggs. Though not commonly found today, it is prized in ornamental flocks and breed preservation programs.
Identification
- Feather Color: Golden or silver with black barring
- Comb Type: Single comb
- Body Shape: Slender and upright
- Weight:
- Rooster: 6 lbs
- Hen: 4.5 lbs
- Eye Color: Dark red
- Wattles & Earlobes: Red wattles, white earlobes
- Beak Color: Horn
- Legs: Slate-blue or leaden, clean
- Skin Color: White
- Egg Color: White
- Egg Production: 150 to 200 eggs per year
- Lifespan: 5 to 7 years
Temperament and Behavior
Campines are intelligent, curious, and flighty. They are not ideal for close handling but excel in foraging and staying alert to threats.
Habitat and Climate Tolerance
Thrives in warm to moderate climates. Their lightweight build makes them well-suited for hot weather, but they require shelter during extreme cold.
Utility and Productivity
Mainly kept for egg laying and ornamental value. Campines are efficient producers of white eggs and add visual interest with their shimmering plumage.
20. Faverolles Chicken
The Faverolles is a unique and gentle breed originating from France. It’s known for its fluffy beard, muffs, feathered feet, and friendly personality. Often raised as pets or show birds, Faverolles are also reliable layers and decent meat birds.
Identification
- Feather Color: Most commonly Salmon; also White, Black, Blue, and Cuckoo
- Comb Type: Single comb
- Body Shape: Broad, deep, and fluffy
- Weight:
- Rooster: 8–10 lbs
- Hen: 6.5–8 lbs
- Eye Color: Reddish-bay
- Wattles & Earlobes: Red
- Beak Color: Horn or pinkish
- Legs: Feathered, pinkish-white
- Skin Color: White
- Egg Color: Light brown to pinkish
- Egg Production: 180 to 220 eggs per year
- Lifespan: 5 to 7 years
Temperament and Behavior
Extremely docile, sweet-natured, and quiet. Faverolles are known to be social with humans and get along well with other flock members, often becoming bottom of the pecking order due to their gentle disposition.
Habitat and Climate Tolerance
They tolerate cold climates well due to heavy feathering but struggle in muddy or wet areas. Their feathered legs and feet should be kept clean and dry.
Utility and Productivity
A good dual-purpose breed. While not the most prolific egg layers, they are consistent producers and also provide quality meat. Their calm personality makes them a favorite in backyard and urban settings.
21. Langshan Chicken
Langshan chickens are a tall, elegant breed that originated in China and was further developed in Britain. They are known for their impressive stature, deep body, and rich, dark eggs with a plum sheen.
Identification
- Feather Color: Black (most common), also White and Blue
- Comb Type: Single comb
- Body Shape: Tall, upright, with a deep breast and long legs
- Weight:
- Rooster: 9–10 lbs
- Hen: 7–8 lbs
- Eye Color: Dark brown
- Wattles & Earlobes: Red
- Beak Color: Dark horn
- Legs: Slate or black, feathered
- Skin Color: White
- Egg Color: Dark brown with plum bloom
- Egg Production: 150 to 200 eggs per year
- Lifespan: 6 to 9 years
Temperament and Behavior
Langshans are calm, intelligent, and not overly flighty. Roosters are typically gentle, and hens are friendly and easy to manage.
Habitat and Climate Tolerance
They handle cold weather well, especially with their leg feathering. Their height helps them navigate muddy or uneven terrain better than other feather-footed breeds.
Utility and Productivity
A dependable dual-purpose bird with a beautiful stance and flavorful meat. Their dark eggs and striking posture make them stand out in any flock.
22. Dominique Chicken
Dominique chickens are one of the oldest American breeds, known for their calm demeanor and barred plumage. They are valued for their utility and adaptability, especially among small farms and backyard keepers.
Identification
- Feather Color: Black and white barred (similar to Plymouth Rock but with a rose comb)
- Comb Type: Rose comb
- Body Shape: Medium-sized, rounded body
- Weight:
- Rooster: 7–8 lbs
- Hen: 5–6 lbs
- Eye Color: Reddish-bay
- Wattles & Earlobes: Red
- Beak Color: Yellow
- Legs: Yellow, clean
- Skin Color: Yellow
- Egg Color: Brown
- Egg Production: 200 to 250 eggs per year
- Lifespan: 6 to 8 years
Temperament and Behavior
Dominiques are calm, friendly, and excellent for families. They are known to be quiet, gentle birds that do well with other breeds.
Habitat and Climate Tolerance
Adaptable to various climates. The rose comb provides good cold resistance, and they also tolerate heat fairly well.
Utility and Productivity
Efficient dual-purpose breed, offering consistent egg production and good meat quality. Their historical significance and balanced temperament add to their appeal.
23. Buckeye Chicken
The Buckeye is a hardy, American heritage breed developed in Ohio. It’s known for its deep mahogany feathers and muscular frame. Uniquely, it’s the only chicken breed developed by a woman.
Identification
- Feather Color: Deep reddish-brown (mahogany) with black tail feathers
- Comb Type: Pea comb
- Body Shape: Compact and muscular
- Weight:
- Rooster: 9 lbs
- Hen: 6.5 lbs
- Eye Color: Reddish-bay
- Wattles & Earlobes: Red
- Beak Color: Horn
- Legs: Yellow, clean
- Skin Color: Yellow
- Egg Color: Brown
- Egg Production: 180 to 220 eggs per year
- Lifespan: 7 to 10 years
Temperament and Behavior
Buckeyes are active, curious, and calm. They’re excellent mousers, making them effective for pest control, and get along well in free-range environments.
Habitat and Climate Tolerance
Extremely cold-hardy due to their tight feathering and small pea comb. They do well in a variety of housing systems.
Utility and Productivity
Valued for both meat and eggs. Their robust build provides good carcass quality, and they lay reliably even in winter.
24. Delaware Chicken
The Delaware chicken was developed in the U.S. in the 1940s as a dual-purpose breed. It is recognized for its fast growth, meaty body, and consistent egg-laying performance.
Identification
- Feather Color: Primarily white with black barring on neck and tail
- Comb Type: Single comb
- Body Shape: Broad, deep, and well-proportioned
- Weight:
- Rooster: 8.5 lbs
- Hen: 6.5 lbs
- Eye Color: Bay
- Wattles & Earlobes: Red
- Beak Color: Yellow
- Legs: Yellow, clean
- Skin Color: Yellow
- Egg Color: Brown
- Egg Production: 200 to 280 eggs per year
- Lifespan: 5 to 8 years
Temperament and Behavior
Delawares are calm, curious, and easy to manage. They are assertive but not aggressive and do well in mixed flocks.
Habitat and Climate Tolerance
Adapt well to most climates. Their white feathers help reflect heat, and they handle cold with adequate shelter.
Utility and Productivity
Excellent dual-purpose birds with good feed conversion. They grow quickly and lay well, making them suitable for backyard and small farm use.
25. New Hampshire Red Chicken
The New Hampshire Red was developed from the Rhode Island Red for faster maturity and meat production. It is now a dependable dual-purpose breed with good egg output.
Identification
- Feather Color: Rich chestnut red with lighter shades than Rhode Island Reds
- Comb Type: Single comb
- Body Shape: Broad, muscular, and upright
- Weight:
- Rooster: 8.5–9 lbs
- Hen: 6.5–7.5 lbs
- Eye Color: Orange-red
- Wattles & Earlobes: Red
- Beak Color: Yellow
- Legs: Yellow, clean
- Skin Color: Yellow
- Egg Color: Light brown
- Egg Production: 200 to 250 eggs per year
- Lifespan: 5 to 7 years
Temperament and Behavior
Confident, alert, and friendly. They are generally easy to manage but may be more assertive in the pecking order.
Habitat and Climate Tolerance
Well-suited for a range of climates. Hardy in cold weather and tolerate confinement or free-range systems.
Utility and Productivity
Highly valued for meat due to fast growth and strong body mass. They also lay well and are a reliable dual-purpose option.
26. Polish Chicken
Polish chickens are an ornamental breed known for their large crests of feathers. Though they do lay eggs, they are mostly appreciated for their unique appearance and calm personality.
Identification
- Feather Color: Variety includes White Crested Black, Buff Laced, Silver Laced, Golden, and more
- Comb Type: V-shaped comb, often hidden under crest
- Body Shape: Slender, upright with large feathered crest
- Weight:
- Rooster: 6 lbs
- Hen: 4.5–5 lbs
- Eye Color: Reddish-bay
- Wattles & Earlobes: Red
- Beak Color: Horn or bluish
- Legs: Slate-blue or gray, clean
- Skin Color: White
- Egg Color: White
- Egg Production: 120 to 200 eggs per year
- Lifespan: 5 to 7 years
Temperament and Behavior
Polish chickens are gentle, curious, and quiet. Their large crests may limit vision, making them more vulnerable and timid. They do well in peaceful flocks.
Habitat and Climate Tolerance
Prefer dry, warm climates. Not well-suited for extreme cold or wet environments due to feathered crests which can become waterlogged.
Utility and Productivity
Primarily ornamental but decent white egg layers. Often kept for show or as entertaining backyard pets.
27. Appenzeller Spitzhauben Chicken
Originating from Switzerland, the Appenzeller Spitzhauben is a lightweight, active breed known for its pointed crest and excellent foraging ability. It is rare and mostly kept for ornamental purposes.
Identification
- Feather Color: Most common is Silver Spangled; also Black and Gold Spangled
- Comb Type: V-shaped comb
- Body Shape: Compact and upright
- Weight:
- Rooster: 4.5–5.5 lbs
- Hen: 3.5–4.5 lbs
- Eye Color: Dark brown
- Wattles & Earlobes: Red wattles, white earlobes
- Beak Color: Horn or dark gray
- Legs: Slate or blue-gray, clean
- Skin Color: White
- Egg Color: White
- Egg Production: 150 to 180 eggs per year
- Lifespan: 5 to 7 years
Temperament and Behavior
Spirited, curious, and flighty. Not ideal for confinement; they thrive in free-range environments and are skilled climbers and fliers.
Habitat and Climate Tolerance
Adapted to mountain climates—tolerates cold well. Performs best in dry, spacious conditions with shelter.
Utility and Productivity
Primarily ornamental and rare. They lay well for a light breed and contribute charm and uniqueness to any flock.
28. Dorking Chicken
The Dorking is an ancient British breed with Roman roots, known for its five toes and excellent table qualities. It is one of the oldest recorded chicken breeds and valued for both its flavorful meat and respectable egg production.
Identification
- Feather Color: Silver-Grey, Red, Cuckoo, Black, and White
- Comb Type: Single or rose comb depending on strain
- Body Shape: Short-legged, broad, and deep-bodied
- Weight:
- Rooster: 9–10 lbs
- Hen: 7–8 lbs
- Eye Color: Red
- Wattles & Earlobes: Red wattles, white earlobes
- Beak Color: Horn-colored
- Legs: White or pinkish, clean, five toes
- Skin Color: White
- Egg Color: White or tinted
- Egg Production: 150 to 180 eggs per year
- Lifespan: 7 to 9 years
Temperament and Behavior
Gentle, calm, and friendly. Dorkings are excellent with people and easy to handle. They often go broody and make attentive mothers.
Habitat and Climate Tolerance
Prefer dry conditions. While they tolerate cold fairly well, their large combs may be prone to frostbite without protection.
Utility and Productivity
Highly prized for rich, tender meat. They are moderate egg layers and ideal for traditional homesteads or heritage poultry breeding programs.
29. Sebright Chicken
Sebrights are true bantam chickens (with no large counterpart), developed in England in the early 1800s. Known for their striking laced plumage, they are showy, energetic, and full of personality.
Identification
- Feather Color: Silver Laced and Golden Laced
- Comb Type: Rose comb
- Body Shape: Small, upright, and compact
- Weight:
- Rooster: ~22 oz
- Hen: ~20 oz
- Eye Color: Reddish-bay
- Wattles & Earlobes: Red wattles, purplish face
- Beak Color: Horn or bluish
- Legs: Slaty-blue, clean
- Skin Color: White
- Egg Color: Cream or tinted
- Egg Production: 60 to 100 small eggs per year
- Lifespan: 5 to 7 years
Temperament and Behavior
Bold and inquisitive. Sebrights are highly active and can be flighty. They are not overly affectionate but enjoy exploring their surroundings.
Habitat and Climate Tolerance
Do best in warm, dry climates. Their small size and lack of insulating feathers make them sensitive to cold and wet conditions.
Utility and Productivity
Primarily ornamental and bred for exhibition. Not suitable for meat or heavy egg production but admired for their beauty and historical significance.
30. Phoenix Chicken
The Phoenix is a stunning ornamental breed developed in Germany using Japanese long-tailed breeds. It is known for its extraordinary tail feathers that can grow several feet long in roosters, especially with proper care.
Identification
- Feather Color: Silver, Golden, Black Breasted Red, White, and more
- Comb Type: Single comb
- Body Shape: Sleek, upright with long flowing tail (especially males)
- Weight:
- Rooster: 5.5 lbs
- Hen: 4 lbs
- Eye Color: Reddish-bay
- Wattles & Earlobes: Red wattles, white earlobes
- Beak Color: Horn
- Legs: Slate or black, clean
- Skin Color: Yellow
- Egg Color: Cream to tinted
- Egg Production: 150 to 180 small eggs per year
- Lifespan: 6 to 8 years
Temperament and Behavior
Phoenix chickens are alert, elegant, and friendly when handled regularly. Roosters can be territorial but are often admired for their impressive looks and confident bearing.
Habitat and Climate Tolerance
Best suited for dry climates and ornamental environments. Their long tail feathers require special care and clean living spaces to stay healthy and untangled.
Utility and Productivity
Primarily kept for ornamental and exhibition purposes. They lay a modest number of eggs and are not raised for meat, but their beauty makes them highly prized.
31. Yokohama Chicken
The Yokohama chicken is a Japanese-origin breed refined in Germany, famous for its extremely long tail feathers and unique appearance. It is considered a true ornamental breed with striking visual appeal.
Identification
- Feather Color: White, Red-Saddled, and various patterned varieties
- Comb Type: Walnut or pea comb
- Body Shape: Slender, lightweight, with extraordinarily long tail
- Weight:
- Rooster: 4.5–5 lbs
- Hen: 3.5–4.5 lbs
- Eye Color: Reddish-bay
- Wattles & Earlobes: Red wattles, white earlobes
- Beak Color: Yellow or horn
- Legs: Yellow or willow green, clean
- Skin Color: Yellow
- Egg Color: Cream
- Egg Production: 60 to 100 small eggs per year
- Lifespan: 5 to 7 years
Temperament and Behavior
Yokohamas are calm, tame, and tolerant of handling. Roosters are usually peaceful, and hens are gentle and friendly in small flocks.
Habitat and Climate Tolerance
Best raised in dry, controlled environments. Their tail feathers require indoor roosting and minimal mud or dampness to stay in good condition.
Utility and Productivity
Bred almost exclusively for ornamental and exhibition purposes. Egg production is limited, and their small size makes them unsuitable for meat. Their beauty and rarity make them sought after among poultry fanciers.
32. Sumatra Chicken
Sumatra chickens are exotic and striking birds originally from the Indonesian island of Sumatra. Initially brought to the West for cockfighting, they are now kept for ornamental purposes due to their lustrous black feathers and elegant posture.
Identification
- Feather Color: Black with a beetle-green iridescence; also Blue and Dun varieties
- Comb Type: Pea comb
- Body Shape: Graceful, game-like build with flowing tail and multiple spurs
- Weight:
- Rooster: 5–5.5 lbs
- Hen: 4 lbs
- Eye Color: Dark brown
- Wattles & Earlobes: Small wattles, black or purplish; earlobes are also dark
- Beak Color: Black
- Legs: Slate or black, clean
- Skin Color: Black
- Egg Color: White to lightly tinted
- Egg Production: 100 to 160 eggs per year
- Lifespan: 6 to 8 years
Temperament and Behavior
Active, intelligent, and flighty. Sumatra chickens are not especially tame but are not aggressive either. Roosters are alert and agile, often possessing multiple spurs.
Habitat and Climate Tolerance
Prefer dry, warm climates. They are excellent free-rangers and do poorly in confinement. Their tight feathering offers limited cold protection.
Utility and Productivity
Primarily ornamental. They are valued for their exotic appearance and feather quality. Egg laying is modest, and they are not typically used for meat.
33. Malay Chicken
The Malay chicken is one of the tallest chicken breeds in the world, with a history tracing back to Southeast Asia. Known for its gamebird appearance and upright posture, the breed is mostly kept for ornamental purposes today.
Identification
- Feather Color: Black Breasted Red, Spangled, White, Black, Red Pyle, and more
- Comb Type: Small pea comb
- Body Shape: Tall, muscular, upright with long legs and prominent shoulder
- Weight:
- Rooster: 9–11 lbs
- Hen: 7–9 lbs
- Eye Color: Yellow to orange
- Wattles & Earlobes: Small, red
- Beak Color: Yellow or horn
- Legs: Yellow, long, clean
- Skin Color: Yellow
- Egg Color: Tinted to light brown
- Egg Production: 70 to 120 eggs per year
- Lifespan: 6 to 9 years
Temperament and Behavior
Assertive, active, and often dominant. Not aggressive toward humans but may be territorial with other birds. Roosters can be quite bold.
Habitat and Climate Tolerance
Adapted to hot, humid climates. Poorly suited for cold weather due to exposed skin and tight feathering. Requires plenty of space and vertical roosting areas.
Utility and Productivity
Primarily ornamental or exhibition-focused. While their size offers decent meat potential, their egg production is low. Most appreciated for their unusual build and exotic heritage.
34. Icelandic Chicken
Icelandic chickens, also known as “Íslenska landnámshænan,” are an ancient landrace breed brought to Iceland by the Norse over 1,000 years ago. They are highly adaptable, self-sufficient, and genetically diverse.
Identification
- Feather Color: Extremely varied—can be crested or not, with colors including black, white, red, mottled, and patterned
- Comb Type: Single, rose, or variable
- Body Shape: Light, upright, alert
- Weight:
- Rooster: 4.5–5.5 lbs
- Hen: 3.5–4.5 lbs
- Eye Color: Reddish to dark brown
- Wattles & Earlobes: Red
- Beak Color: Yellow, horn, or mottled
- Legs: Clean, yellow or gray, sometimes mottled
- Skin Color: White
- Egg Color: White to pale tan
- Egg Production: 180 to 220 eggs per year
- Lifespan: 7 to 10 years
Temperament and Behavior
Icelandic chickens are hardy, curious, and highly active. They are excellent foragers and can fly and perch with ease. They tend to be friendly but independent.
Habitat and Climate Tolerance
Bred to survive harsh Icelandic climates, they are extremely cold-hardy. They thrive in free-range and pasture systems with minimal input.
Utility and Productivity
A landrace breed valued for its self-sufficiency, adaptability, and balanced egg laying. Not standardized for show, but treasured for sustainability and resilience.
35. Welsummer Chicken
The Welsummer is a Dutch breed developed in the early 20th century. It is famous for laying large, terracotta-brown eggs often speckled with darker spots. Its handsome appearance and reliable productivity make it a backyard favorite.
Identification
- Feather Color: Partridge-patterned—rich reddish-brown with black penciling on hens; striking gold and black saddle feathers on roosters
- Comb Type: Single comb
- Body Shape: Medium, well-rounded and upright
- Weight:
- Rooster: 7–8 lbs
- Hen: 5.5–6.5 lbs
- Eye Color: Reddish-orange
- Wattles & Earlobes: Red
- Beak Color: Yellow or horn
- Legs: Yellow, clean
- Skin Color: Yellow
- Egg Color: Dark reddish-brown, often speckled
- Egg Production: 160 to 200 eggs per year
- Lifespan: 6 to 8 years
Temperament and Behavior
Calm, intelligent, and friendly. Welsummers are good with children and integrate well in mixed flocks.
Habitat and Climate Tolerance
Adapt well to both warm and cool climates. Hardy and low-maintenance, they are happy in coops or foraging on pasture.
Utility and Productivity
Kept primarily for their beautiful eggs and attractive appearance. They also provide fair meat yield and are easy to manage, making them ideal for beginners.
